This paper highlights the activity and ideas of Nicolas Trifon (1949–2023), an anarchist of Romanian birth and Aromanian ethnicity who lived and was politically active in France.
Trifon contributed to the ideological debates of the 1970s and to the coordination of many autonomous militants and of several autonomous groups that did not fit in within the
extant organisations, aligning then into an organisational structure of anarcho-communist orientation. He also represented the anarchist opposition to the so-called “communist”
regime of Ceaușescu, and was one of the main representatives of the libertarian critique of the Eastern regimes generally. Lastly, he was an activist for the rights of Aromanians,
and formulated an interesting hypothesis about their deliberate refusal to become a nation – a refusal that could point anarchists towards finding a solution to the tension between
anti-statism and ethnic attachment.