Emigration was one of the great dreams of nineteenth century European workers, and Brazil was just one of the ‘New Worlds’ which took them, and showed them that the promise of such promised lands was easily broken. But the anarchist dream of freedom and revolution came with them, and workers ‘ Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, Russian and Brazilian ‘ fought to make it a reality. And it was not only rampant capitalism they had to fight, but also state-worshippers, both Left and Right. This pamphlet contains an outline of the history of the anarchist movement in Brazil to the present day and records some of the figures who made it what it was.